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K. Sugirtha ¹, V. Sivakumari ², R. Sathya Priya ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, Rabiammal Ahamed Maideen College for Women, Tiruvarur (T.N.), IN
2 Department of Environmental and Herbal Sciences, Tamil University, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN

Abstract

The phytochemical study of Dutura metel flower showed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, amino acids, reducing sugar, carbohydrate and absence of phlobotannins and anthroquinones. The aqueous extract was capable of reducing total cholesterol, creatine Kinase, LDL, SGOT, ACP, ALP levels in the experimental animal groups. The result indicated that the extract was effective and suppressing the myocardial infarction (MI).

Keywords

LDH, SGOT, Dutura metel, Flavonoids, Steroids.

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M. Jayabharathi ¹, V. Sivakumari ², R. Sathya Priya ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, Rabiammal Ahamed Maideen College for Women, Tiruvarur (T.N.), IN
2 Department of Environmental and Herbal Sciences, Tamil University, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN

Abstract

The study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical and anti ulcer activity of Ocimum sanctum against gastric ulcers. The phytochemical activity of Ocimum sanctum showed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, amino acids, reducing sugar, carbohydrate. Cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids were also estimated. The results indicated that ethanol extract of Ocimum sanctum possessed a promising anti ulcerogenic effect.

Keywords

Ocimum sanctum, Cholesterol, Phytochemical, Anti Ulcer Activity.

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A. Sathya ¹, A. Rajendran ², V. Sivakumari ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Microbiology, Marudupandiyar College, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN
2 Department of Environmental and Herbal Sciences, Tamil University, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN

Abstract

Coagulase negative nosocomial Staphylococcus spp. were collected from infected patient in and around Thanjavur. Colonies were analyzed by using morphological (staining, colony morphology and pigmentation) and biochemical (catalase, coagulase, acid production etc.) analyses. Twenty coagulase negative Staphylococcus spp. (CoNS) were identified by morphological and biochemical tests and submitted to molecular typing by plasmid DNA analysis, genomic DNA analysis, restriction endonuclease digestion pattern by using EcoR I, Hind III, and Alu I enzymes. 20 species of three different type of CoNS were identified, viz., S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus and S. haemolyticus.

Keywords

Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus spp., Genomic DNA, Plasmid DNA.

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P. Senthamilselvan ¹, V. Sivakumari ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, Marudu Pandiyar College, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN
2 Department of Environmental and Herbal Sciences, Tamil University, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN

Abstract

In the present study, total of 195 symptomatic patients (165 male and 30 female) were taken and positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis were seen in 82 cases. Moreover, 16 out of 82 patients were HIV positive with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The sputum, blood, biological fluids, stools and urine samples were collected from each patient and were processed under aseptic condition. Standard tests such as acid-fast staining (AFS), culture (Lowenstein-Jensen) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) tests were carried out for Mycobacterium tuberculosis detection.

Keywords

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, HIV and Polymerase Chain Reaction.

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P. Senthamilselvan ¹, V. Sivakumari ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, Marudu Pandiyar College, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN
2 Department of Environmental and Herbal Sciences, Tamil University, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN

Abstract

A total of 50 symptomatic patients (35 male and 15 female) suffering from various symptoms like chronic cough, fever and weight loss have undergone different standard tests such as Acid-fast staining (AFB), culture (Lowensteing-Jenesen) and biochemical examinations. 10 isolates (CCU-23, CCU-334, CCU-20, CCU-142, CCU-93, CCU-102, CCU-2, CCU-3, CCR-1 and CCR-4) were slow growers. Growth was scraped and DNA was isolated. It was observed that RFLP pattern of biochemically identified isolates of M. tuberculosis matched with the standard strain of M. tuberculosis (H37 Rv). This technique appears to be useful to distinguish growing M. tuberculosis and provides sufficient information to identify most clinically important mycobacterial species and sub-species.

Keywords

M. tuberculosis, Gene Amplification-PCR and Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

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T. Manjula Devi ¹, V. Sivakumari ², N. V. Baskar ³

Affiliations
1 Shrimati Indira Gandhi College, Tiruchirapalli (T.N.), IN
2 Department of Environmental and Herbal Sciences, Tamil University, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN
3 Department of Microbiology, Marudhu Pandiyar College, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN

Abstract

Milk is an excellent culture medium for many kind of microorganisms, being high in moisture, nearly neutral in pH and rich in microbial foods. But contamination of the milk by enteric pathogens, Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila, Staphylococcus aureus, Yersinia enterocolitica results in gastroenteritis, septicemia and other food borne diseases. The strains of A. hydrophila were obtained from the milk samples which were subjected to the RAPD fingerprinting analysis. A. hydrophila strains tested produced identieal prophiles and revealed the substantial wide genetic deiversity or high heterogenecity among the strains tested.

Keywords

Hepatitis, Dengue, AIDS and ELISA.

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G. Akila ¹, M. Poorani ¹, T. Manjula Devi ², V. Sivakumari ³, N. V. Baskar ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Microbiology, Ponnaiyah Ramajayam College, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN
2 Shrimati Indira Gandhi College, Tiruchirapalli (T.N.), IN
3 Department of Environmental and Herbal Sciences, Tamil University, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN
4 Department of Microbilogy, Marudhu Pandiyar College, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN

Abstract

Viral diseases such as rabies, yellow fever and smallpox have affected humans for centuries. Examples of common human diseases caused by viruses include the common cold, influenza, chickenpox, diarrhea and cold sores. Serious diseases such as Ebola, AIDS, Avian influenza and SARS are caused by viruses. The ability of viruses to cause devastating epidemics in human societies has led to the concern about viruses. Hence the prevalence of Hepatitis, Dengue and AIDS virus has been undertaken in the present study by using ELISA in Trichy area. Different diagnosis tests were carried out for these virud diseases, which are more prevalent in India with the aim of their diagnosis, cure and effective management.

Keywords

Hepatitis, Dengue, AIDS and ELISA.

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G. Shanthi ¹, V. Sivakumari ², S. Giridaran ³, R. Prabhu ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Botany, Kunthavai Nacchiyar Government Arts College for Women, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN
2 Department of Environmental and Herbal Sciences, Tamil University, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN
3 Department of Biochemistry, Bharathidasan University, Trichy (T.N.), IN

Abstract

Coactivation of platelets and the blood coagulation cascade contributes to the pathophysiology of antithrombotic effect. Combination of antiplatelet drugs may be needed for maximizing the prevention and treatment of thrombosis. Aspirin inhibits platelets by inhibiting cyclooxygenase and was shown to reduce platelet-dependent thrombin generation, whereas clopidogrel inhibits platelet activity by blocking the platelet ADP receptors. The present study demonstrates that clopidogrel was an effective antithrombotic agent. Further the combination of aspirin and clopidogrel increases antithrombotic effect without increasing bleeding time.

Keywords

Coronary Artery Disease or Atherosclerosis and Transient Ischemic Attack.

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G. Shanthi ¹, V. Sivakumari ², R. Prabhu ³, S. Giridaran ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Botany, Kunthavai Nacchiyar Government Arts College for Women, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN
2 Department of Environmental and Herbal Sciences, Tamil University, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN
3 Department of Biochemistry, Bharathidasan University, Trichy (T.N.), IN

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis is potentially crippling disease. Numerous pharmacologic agents are available for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis; the goal in therapy is relief of pain and inflammation, through modification of disease process. Several corticosteroids play an important role in the management of RA, among corticosteroids methylprednisolone shows beneficial effect. In this study the level of ADA activity, C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rates are reduced after treatment with methylprednisolone compared to rheumatoid arthritis patients. This shows that methylprednisolone involves in several metabolism of inflammatory process. But it does not shown any significant changes in pain score compared to rheumatoid arthritis patients, this may be due to it does not involves in analgesic process. In rheumatoid arthritis pain and inflammation are important two symptoms. Based on present study it can be concluded that methylprednisolone has more anti-inflammatory effect compared to analgesic effect. So, while treating rheumatoid patient with methylprednisolone they should take care of pain of patient with some other pain killers like NSAIDS or potent opioids. The understanding of the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis and precise knowledge of the possible triggers of the inflammation may open novel therapeutic approaches. Hence, the present study suggests the importance of measuring the biomarkers of inflammation assessed in the study not only to determine the severity of inflammation and the effect of treatment with drug.

Keywords

Rheumatoid Arthritis, ADA Activity, C-Reactive Protein and Erythrocyte.

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R. Balaji ¹, G. Shanthi ², V. Sivakumari ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University, Trichy (T.N.), IN
2 Department of Botany, Kunthavai Nacchiyar Government Arts College for Women, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN
3 Department of Environmental and Herbal Sciences, Tamil University, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN

Abstract

A total of 100 maternal samples were collected from the volunteers during third trimester of the pregnancy as standard method of collection. HbsAg and Anti-HBC parameters assay was performed using the ELISA kit for detection of Hepatitis B virus infection. 11% of the samples were found to be sero positive and 24% were found to be positive for HbsAg and anti-HBC infection against the hepatitis. Antenatal screening must be made as a mandatory during the third trimester of pregnancy. Vertical transmission like breast-feeding of infants from the sero positive mothers must be avoided.

Keywords

HbsAg, Anti-HBC, Hepatitis B Virus, Pregnancy.

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K. Gokulakrishnan ¹, P. Senthamilselvan ¹, V. Sivakumari ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, Marudu Pandiyar College, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN
2 Department of Environmental and Herbal Sciences, Tamil University, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN

Abstract

Liver regulates many important metabolic functions. Hepatic injury is associated with distoration of these metabolic functions. Thus liver disease remains one of the serious health problems. Inspite of tremendous studies in modern medicine, there are not much drugs available for the treatment of liver disorders. In the present study, paracetamol was used to induce the hepatic damage. Paracetamol, is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic drug. Oxidative stress is reported to play an important role in the pathogenesis of paracetamol – induced liver damage. The result confirm that Citrus aurantifolia possess a potential hepatoprotective activity.

Keywords

Liver, Paracetamol, Citrus aurantifolia and Phytochemicals.

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K. Tulasi Rama Krishnan ¹, V. Sivakumari ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, Marudu Pandiyar College, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN
2 Department of Environmental and Herbal Sciences, Tamil University, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN

Abstract

The objective of the present study was identification and characterization of the biochemical and molecular events during senescence. Senescence is known to be an active developmental process and not a passive degradative process. Accordingly a set of biomolecules, namely phtohormones (IAA), ethylene and abscisi acid (ABA), generation of signaling molecules and induction of enzyme, for e.g. catalase, constitute the components of active process of senescence. 2, 4-D induced senescence pathway was the focus of the present study. Native auxin (IAA) and synthetic auxin (2, 4-D) were employed in the present study. It is known that besides 2, 4-D two other hormones namely, ethylene and ABA are involved in this process. Silver ions in the from of AgNO₃ was provided to the young seedling of black mustard to interfere in the ethylene biosynthesis which is the midpoint in induced senescence.

Keywords

Senescence, Phtohormones, Auxin and Mustard.

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P. Senthamilselvan ¹, V. Sivakumari ²

Affiliations
1 Marudu Pandiyar College, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN
2 Department of Environmental and Herbal Sciences, Tamil University, Thanjavur (T.N.), IN

Abstract

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in developed and developing countries. In India, it is the second most frequent cancer, which is estimated to be 19.3% of total female cancer with age standardized rate 17.5 per 100,000.The exact cause of breast cancer is not completely known but presumably it represents a complex interplay of genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. Hematology, lipid and lipoproteins have also been associated with risk of breast cancer. The present study was carried out to investigate Total Cholesterol (TC), High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C), Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDLC), Triglycerides’ (TG), sodium, chloride, potassium, SGOT, SGPT, glucose, urea, uric acid and creatinine in female with breast cancer. In the study revealed significant difference between breast cancer and normal subject with respect to most of the biochemical parameter analyzed.

Keywords

Total Cholesterol, SGOT, SGPT, Breast Cancer.

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